Unattractive and expensive. Grants and scholarships. -0.66 marks will be deducted as negative marks for each wrong answer. Which landforms result from moving or melting ice? North Norfolk case study for OCR GCSE Geography. A coastline could be managed by hard engineering approaches such as a sea wall made of concrete with steel reinforcement and deep pile foundations. The study results show areas at high risk for earthquake, landslide, fire and flood disasters and disaster mitigation measures to reduce risks to hazard, vulnerability and resilience factors. It became apparent that a long term plan needed to be formulated, so in 1992 a number of measures were implemented. They are permeable. Investigate processes, landforms and management strategies for coasts using the links below. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, (Dove et al, 2009 pp73). Educating communities about the need to adapt and protect the coastline for future generations. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Download the A level Specification audit. How is a cold environment interdependent? Hard Engineering - Coastal Management - Isle of Wight. What is the difference between a tornado and a hurricane? Have all your study materials in one place. This varied coastline is one of the Islands main assets. Coastal Management Case Study A Level Geography | Best Writers Finished paper ID 15031 Coastal Management Case Study A Level Geography Check your email inbox for instructions from us on how to reset your password. What is the impact of humans on the savanna? Lecture notes - Aqa/cie a level coastal processes 4. The coastline needs to be managed to protect against increasing coastal erosion, flooding and sea-level changes. Managing natural resources like fish, water, farmland to ensure long term productivity. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. General Knowledge. Hard engineering techniques are typically used to protect coastal settlements. Human and physical factors causing river flooding. Coasts not only provide attractive environments for tourism but access to the sea for transport, trade and fishing. At Happisburgh, the cliffs again have been eroded away leaving homes and businesses at risk. Mangrove roots keep soil in place, which dissipates wave energy and prevents erosion. Why are deserts located along the tropics? Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. What is chemical and mechanical weathering? Hard engineering involves building artificial structures that aim to prevent erosion. This is a hard engineering method in coastal management (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Groyne_at_Mundesley,_Norfolk.JPG) by MichaelMaggs (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:MichaelMaggs) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. Sustainable development in the Temperate Deciduous Woodland. Sustainable development in the desert The Great Green Wall. We're available through e-mail, live chat and Facebook. Why is there a trend towards agribusiness? What are the effects of economic development in Nigeria on quality of life? 2B.11 - Coastal Management - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL 2B.11 Coastal Management There are different approaches to managing the risks associated with coastal recession and flooding. These are highly visible solutions which help reassure coastal communities. Dune regeneration creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. (4 marks) Assess the role of vegetation in the development of a sand dune landscape. This is where large rocks are placed at the top of beaches or at the base of a sea wall to protect it from undercutting and scouring. What were the reasons for coastal management at Mappleton? Company Registration Number: 8600593 What are the causes of deforestation in the Amazon? In addition, the sediment used is usually dredged from offshore, so care needs to be taken not to impact the wider coastal sediment cells. The disadvantages are that the ongoing costs are high as the sediment needs replacing every few years as waves remove it. It can be seen that the coastal defence plan for Southampton Water needs to be able to take into account a variety of conflicting interests. 3 - Gabion reinforced with earth in Sveti Rok, Croatia. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. What challenges have been caused by urban growth in Mumbai? It considers 'risks' to local people as well as. (6 marks) Camber Sands teaching resource. As part of the A Level course, it is important not only to understand what regeneration is and the impacts that it has, but also to put this into context. Hard & Soft Engineering Coastal Management Case Studies. 9 - SMPs decide the best course of action for coastlines. Each littoral cell is isolated from the adjacent cells and managed as a holistic unit. What are Mumbais social and economic opportunities? What are active, dormant and extinct volcanoes? Fig. This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. The areas where there is a policy of hold the line is where the coast is primarily given over to important areas of industry, settlement and conservation. Approximately two-thirds of the worlds population live within a few kilometres of the coast. The Coastal System Sediment Cells Waves - destructive and constructive Sub-aerial processes - weathering Marine processes - erosion, transportation and deposition Coastal sediment budget Longshore drift Landforms of coastal erosion Beach nourishment artificially replacing the sediment on the beach. Slanted structures made from concrete, wood or rocks along a cliff. The material used, sand or gravel, is natural and blends in with the existing beach. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. There are two types of coastal management, hard engineering, which involves building structures to protect the coast. In an oscillating LC circuit, L = 3.00 mH and C = 2.70 \muF. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) is over 2300km long and is made up of over 2900 reefs and 940 islands and cays. Coastal management case study: Holderness coastline The Holderness coastline is located on the east coast of England. Click the card to flip . Coastal management can be put into the four categories: By recreating a naturally functioning shoreline we free ourselves from the 'sea defence cycle' of construct, fail and reconstruct. What are the impacts of industry on the physical environment? Can create erosion further down the coast. How can we increase the amount of food produced globally? This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Zoning is divided into seven types; a General Use Zone, A Habitat Protection Zone, A Conservation Zone, a Buffer Zone, a Scientific Research Zone, a Marine Park Zone and a Preservation Zone. The Isle of Wight has65 milesof spectacular coastline, 28 miles of which are designated Heritage Coast. The position of the coast is also a factor that needs to be considered as longshore drift causes large movement of sediment in a southerly direction. It is the fastest eroding coastline in Europe. Quizlet revision sets. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. . Hard engineering can be expensive, and it disrupts the natural process. Best study tips and tricks for your exams. Scarborough is the largest holiday resort on the Yorkshire coast. Governance approaches include Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs), Sustainable Integrated Approaches (SIA) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). This is where all the coastlines are divided into littoral cells containing sediment sources, transport paths and sinks. The table below shows the common types of hard engineering. Q.7 Given below are four statements about Watershed Management as practised in India. Figure 2 Map of United Kingdom showing North Norfolk. This means coastal defences will be maintained and replaced to protect the town. The sediment cells are closed for the purposes of management, although there will be some exchanges between the different sediment cells. The exposed chalk of Flamborough provides examples of erosion, features such as caves, arches and stacks. -Home to 4m people. Failure to do so can have a severe economic and social impact, especially along coastlines used for tourism and industry. Landforms in the middle course of a river. For the last 12 years, I gained extensive experience not only in preparing and submitting scientific project applications to national and european funding as well as in managing and coordinating different research activities (e.g., scientific writing, statistical analysis, case . In conclusion, it has been shown by this essay that managing the coast is a complicated process that needs to be flexible enough to take into account a variety of interests and conflicts. Sanctuary scholarships. Trees need to be sourced and require maintenance. What is the location and importance of Rio de Janeiro? Mangroves are non-native to some areas and can become invasive. Business Studies. Cyclone Prone Areas in India There are 13 coastal states and union territories (UTs) in the country, encompassing 84 coastal districts which are affected by tropical cyclones. Lyme Regis UK Case Study case study, coastal management: lyme regis, dorset, uk place specific info: lyme regis is a small town on the south coast of the uk and . -It is part of the largest mangrove forest in the world, protected as a National Park. Planting dead trees in the sand to stabilise dunes. What is that greatest rate? In Phuket in Thailand, erosion has caused the loss of beaches. However, they may inhibit longshore drift and speed up the erosion process elsewhere. Human. What are the social and economic opportunities associated with the growth of Rio? 2 - Groynes at Mundesley in Norfolk, UK. Lecture notes - A level geography: introduction to coasts 2. Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. This chapter reviews the marine and coastal management systems in operation in Ireland, Romania, Spain and France. This research aims to develop a GIS-based model that can inform urban ecological network construction and . This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. How does geology affect the formation of river landforms? 2B.11A - Hard Engineering 2B.11B - Soft Engineering 2B.11C - Sustainable Management Describe and evaluate possible solutions to the management of coastlines, by the use of at least three case studies. 8 - Beach grass to stabilise dunes at beaches. The advantages are that they are relatively inexpensive to build, 500 3000. There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales, and there are 22 SMP's, Can you name any of the SMPs around the coastline of the UK. Coasts are an important environment, and the underlying physical processes and management of the coast form a key part of the A-Level Geography specification. A Level Geography Specifications 600+ resources covering all major UK and International Exam Boards Choose Exam Board 2023 Geography New Geography Factsheets added in 2023 Explore More Free Downloads Plans for 2022/2023 Free Sample - Loss of Rainforest in the Amazon: An Ongoing Issue Factsheet Index 1-448 A Level Geography What is Nigerias location and importance? - It extends 60km from Flamborough in the north to Spurn Point in the south. It was cheaper to protect Mappleton than construct a new route. Low cost. What is the location and importance of London? Why does the coastline need to be managed? Socio-economic impacts of flooding 3. Protection of cold environments as wilderness areas. 1 / 10. Activities are dependent on the type of zone and the park is patrolled to enforce the zoning, with penalties being imposed if the regulations are violated (ibid). Ensure consideration is given to everybody when changes are proposed and then adopted. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The coast in this region is highly developed and is both strategically and economically important to the area. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. Natural ecosystems in Manila bay e.g. 1 - Sea wall on the Isle of Wight, UK. Water quality and pollution management in the UK. How have plants adapted to cold environments? They are designed to prevent longshore movement of sediment and encourage deposition, creating a broader and higher beach. Overall, this resource aims to help students prepare effectively for their CBSE Class 12 Geography exams by providing a comprehensive set of most important questions and answers in the subject. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Tunisia Case Study. International migration from Syria to Europe, Japan A country with a high dependent population. A range of management techniques has limited coastal erosion at Hornsea. It is called the Jurassic Coast as it has lots of fossils dating back to the Jurassic period. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business; Design & Technology. If not dealt with this water would encourage rock and sediments to slide to the cliff bottom. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a revetment? What are the economic and environmental issues of energy production? High level of poverty and inequality (90% of wealth is controlled by 15% of the population). In addition, reducing erosion in one area of the coastline may exacerbate erosion elsewhere. How have animals adapted to cold environments? Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? Because of this, there is a growing need to assess the integrated impact of SLR taking into account the interactions between physical and ecological . With a theoretical platform it addresses topics such as sustainability, tourism impacts, governance trade and innovation. They increase the beach and thereby tourist potential; they protect the land behind the structure and work with natural processes to build up the beach. -Adjusting behaviour to fit the environment. Groups who may have an interest in how the coast is managed would include; local residents, local councils, landowners, governments, environmental bodies and national park authorities. It does not store any personal data. Why is the weather of the UK so changeable? High Energy Coastline made up of Limestone and Clay. Bundles or rocks in metal mesh located at cliff bases. There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales. 2 A Case Study of the Holderness Coastline. Soft engineering uses ecological principles and practices, which have less of a negative impact on the natural environment. Certain areas of the coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally. Opportunities and Challenges in the Sahara Desert, Opportunities and Challenges in the Thar Desert, Opportunities and Challenges in the Western Desert. -Lack of fresh water for drinking and irrigation, as fresh water is diverted from the rivers for irrigation use further upstream. Of all the hard engineering approaches, groynes are the most problematic as sediment builds up behind them on the uplift side, extending the beach seaward. Losers people who have not had their property saved or see the coastline being concreted over through defensive measures, which they see as a negative environmental impact. Coastal Environments CPD Erosional Landforms, Coastal Management and Fieldwork on the Holderness Coast, Coastal Environments CPD Erosional Erosion, Coastal Management, Deposition and Fieldwork on the Holderness Coast, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Internet Geography Plus Terms and Conditions. Each SMP identifies all the natural and human activities that occur within the coastline area of each sediment cell. Boulders were put in front of the sea wall to give it more protection and the beach was replenished with extra sand. What does scenery formed by erosion look like? Water running off the land from agricultural and urbanised areas has been found to contain pesticides, chemicals and other pollutants which can endanger the delicate coral reef ecosystem. Prevents cliff erosion as it absorbs wave energy. They effectively prevent erosion in the desired area, but they are expensive and have a significant environmental impact due to the use of concrete and other artificial materials. Beach nourishment is where the sediment lost through erosion is replaced. Changing rates of rainforest deforestation. It was when the concept of the ICZM was born. However the council maintain that the high cost involved in holding the line is not justified by their cost/benefit analysis (http://www.marinet.org.uk). To achieve this, a variety of teaching methods are employed, including: lectures, practicals, tutorials . Study Notes: Coastal Systems & Landscapes Revision for A-Level Geography & IB Last updated 4 Jan 2023 Revision study notes on key features of the coastal systems and landscapes topic for A-Level Geography and IB Geography. They are usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations. See our A-Level Essay Example on Walton on the Naze, Coastal Landforms now at Marked By Teachers. This programme prepares students for entry-level occupations, and equips them with the knowledge, skills and values needed to contribute to sustainable development. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Extreme weather in the UK Beast from the East, Extreme Weather in the UK Summer Heatwave 2018. A Series of Coasts Case studies and Information on Them Terms in this set (26) Why is Coastal Management Needed at Lyme Regis? They cost $1 million dollars each, 80 metres long. The coast is a dynamic environment that is vulnerable to a range of physical processes and each case needs to be considered individually with a view to changing policies over time. Reference: Insights on India. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Inexpensive hard engineering structure, but not very effective or attractive. Winners people who have gained from the decision which have been made either economically (property saved) or environmentally (habitats conserved), or socially (communities). Sand and shingle must be sourced from somewhere else, usually by dredging. How is demand for energy changing in the UK? This has caused much controversy within the local community who stand to lose their homes and livelihoods with this policy. Therefore a decision to protect one coastal community may not outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to increased erosion. An understanding of coastal management strategies is a requirement of all A level specifications. This is used to help decide whether defending a coastline from erosion and or flooding is worth it. Low-lying coastal areas are high-risk areas regarding sea-level rise (SLR) due to the combination of low elevation, subsidence and currently low sediment supply, on the one hand, and their high natural and socio-economic values, on the other. Fig. Universitt Basel PGC . If you've found the resources on this site useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. How has hot desert vegetation adapted to the climate? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Marine processes erosion, transportation and deposition, , , , , . Therefore, coastal management must be sustainable. Hard Engineering. Case Study: Miami, Florida Of the major U.S. cities that face the greatest uncertainty related to sea level rise, Miami may be the poster child. How has demand for water in the UK changed? Improves the strength of the cliff and prevents rocks from falling. This is where all stakeholders have a say in any policy decisions. This paper aims to assess the lagoon's level of pollution. Exam place: . Prevents longshore drift, flooding, and erosion. Distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes, Effects of earthquakes and volcanoes on people and the environment, Reducing the impacts of earthquakes and volcanoes, Population and settlement iGCSE Geography, The main causes of a change in population size, A country with a rate of high population growth China, A country which is over-populated Bangladesh, A country which is under-populated Australia, A country with a low rate of population growth or decline Japan. They can also act as flood barriers. Coastal Management Use the images below to find out more about each case study. It recognises the importance of the coast for peoples livelihoods. Modern sea walls are designed to dissipate, not reflect, wave energy. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Hard engineering involves building structures to protect the coast by using concrete, stone and steel. The significance of food, water and energy, An overview of global inequalities in the supply and consumption of resources, Carbon footprints, food miles and moves towards local sourcing of food. Once the marram grass is established, other plants will colonise the area. Creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. Following some extreme flooding in 1953, it has become to be vitally important to protect the coast to stop further loss of; life, valuable agricultural land and to conserve the Norfolk Broads (Dove et al, 2008, pp62-65). 1 / 10. What are coastal engineering approaches designed to do? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Do nothing but . These do not exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible for coastal protection. Physical processes that affect the coast include erosion, cliff slumping, deposition and longshore drift. This was effective at maintaining the beach here, but made beaches further south, including the beach at Sea Palling, become starved of sediment meaning that waves were able to undermine the sea wall causing further erosion. Dorsert is located on the southern coast of the UK. Case study - Dorset coastline - Coastal landforms - AQA - GCSE Geography Revision - AQA - BBC Bitesize GCSE AQA Coastal landforms Erosional landforms include headlands, bays, caves, arches,. (4 Marks) d) Explain why people visit coastal areas. Where are Temperate Deciduous Woodlands Located? Jamaica Case Study, How can the growth of tourism reduce the development gap? The structures are usually at the base of a cliff or on the beach. Dredging may affect the local coastal habitats. Provides a range of products, services and opportunities for development to increase the wealth of Bangladesh. However the proposal was eventually rejected due to budget and technical constraints and a policy of no active intervention was put in place. What was the relevance of the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992? 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Before any management strategy is adopted, a Cost-Benefit analysis is done. They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. 3.1B Transport Technology and Globalisation, 3.2 Political and Economic Decision Making, 7C Economic Development and Environmental Impact, 8B Controlling the Spread of Globlisation, 4A.1B Economic Activity and Social Factors, 4A.1A Changing Function and Characteristics, 4A.6 Evaluating the need for Regeneration, 6C Representation and Need for Regeneration, 10A Measuring the Success of Regeneration, 12A Restructuring and Contested Decisions, 7.5 Superpowers and International Decision Making, 7.6 Superpowers and the Physical Environment, 7.6C Middle-Class Consumption on Emerging Powers, 7.8A Emerging Powers and the Developing World, 8.2 Variations in Health and Life Expectancy, 8.3A The relationship between economic and social development, 8.5A Human Rights Vs Economic Development, 8.8 the Positive and Negative of Development, 2B.2C Geological Structure and Cliff Profiles, 2B.3B Rock Strata and Complex Cliff Profiles, 4C Coastal Landscapes Produced by Erosion, 8C Temporal Variations in Coastal Recession, 9A Local Factors that Increase Coastal Flood Risk, A - Economic and Social Losses from Recession, 2B: 12 Integrated Coastal Zone Management, 1B Importance and Size of Stores and Fluxes, 5.4 Deficits within the Hydrological Cycle, 5.8 Consequences and Risks of Water Insecurity, 8A - Causes and Pattern of Physical and Economic Scarcity, 5.9C Integrated Drainage Basin Management, 6.1C - Geological Processes Releasing Carbon, 6.2 Biological Processes Sequestering Carbon, 6.3 Human Activity Altering the Carbon Cycle, 6.6C Radical Technologies to Reduce Carbon Emissions, 6.7 Human Activity Threatening the Carbon and Water Cycles.